How are exhibits introduced during civil trials in New York?

During civil trials in New York, exhibits are introduced by first being marked for identification and then formally admitted into evidence through a process established by the court rules. This procedure ensures that all parties are aware of the exhibits being presented and allows for any necessary objections or discussions about their admissibility before they are considered as evidence in the case.

Marking the exhibit for identification is a crucial step because it provides a specific reference for the exhibit in the trial record. Once marked, the party wishing to introduce the exhibit must lay a proper foundation for its admission, showing that it is relevant and reliable. This process upholds the integrity of the trial and ensures that only appropriate and pertinent evidence is considered by the judge or jury.

Other options may not accurately reflect the formal procedures required in New York civil trials. For example, while exhibits can be displayed using various methods, video display is not the primary means of introduction. Additionally, exhibits are not automatically accepted as evidence; they must undergo a rigorous protocol before being admitted. Finally, limiting exhibits to written form does not encompass the full range of admissible evidence, which can also include photographs, physical items, and digital media.