What is the "discovery" process?

The discovery process refers to the pre-trial phase in a lawsuit during which parties exchange information and gather evidence that is relevant to the case. This is a crucial phase as it allows both sides to understand the facts and the evidence that will be presented at trial, which can help facilitate a fair resolution or settlement without the need to proceed to trial.

During discovery, various tools are utilized, including interrogatories (written questions that must be answered under oath), depositions (sworn statements taken in person), requests for documents, and requests for admissions. This phase is essential for ensuring that all parties are informed about the pertinent details of the case, promoting transparency, and reducing surprises in court. Proper conduct during discovery can significantly influence the outcome of the trial, making it a foundational aspect of civil litigation.

In contrast, the other options describe different legal procedures: the filing of a motion to dismiss is a request to terminate a case without trial, delivering a summons involves notifying a defendant of legal action, and the final stage of a trial pertains to the conclusion of proceedings after all evidence and arguments have been presented. These actions are related to the trial process but do not encapsulate the broad, investigative nature of the discovery phase.